Nepalese expressions of art, classical
and modern, are imbedded in the daily
practice of religion. Unique craftsmanship
is most easily found in temples, architecture,
shrines, fountains and the design of religious
objects. Understanding the various religious
creeds as well as the representations
of gods and goddesses enhances the appreciation
of Nepalese art.
Hinduism
Buddhism
Tantrism: explains Prayer Wheel at upper
right
Architecture
Painting
Literature
Bronze Figures
Jewelry
Pottery
Preservation of Art
Nepal, the only country that is a Hindu
state, boasts tremendous religious tolerance
of the many faiths practiced within its
borders.
Hinduists predominate in Nepal as 86.5%
of the population.
The next largest religious groups consist
of Buddhists, 7.8%, and
Muslims, 3.5% of the population.
Common to all of these religions is the
integration of religious expression within
everyday life. In contrast with Western
religions, these religions involve codes
for- individual behavior and daily rites
of worship. In the morning, people gather
at temples, sanctuaries or river banks
to offer prayers and puja.
hinduism
The word Hinduism was introduced in the
19th century to define the aggregate beliefs
of the Arya, immigrants who left Central
Asia in 1500 BC, and animist religions
of native populations in India.
Basic concepts. Cosmic law
rules the good order of the world, be
aware and respect cosmic law. Lead the
life of a good Hindu, observe rules, perform
all rites, accept the caste of birth.
Caste system supplies code of conduct
and rites done. Encompasses all parts
of life; rites but also who to take drink
from, associate with, marry, etc.
Principles of Hinduism.
Dharma religious law and moral code by
which people can earn enlightenment. Karma
is the life balance of action and reaction;
individuals responsible for decisions
and consequences. Leading good Hindu life
will bring rebirth into a better life.
Samsara is cycle of reincarnations determined
by karma. Moksha is liberation from samsara;
individual unites with universal timelessness,
ultimate serenity, nirvana. Path to moksha
is good Hindu life.
Each deity has different
names, as well as different symbols, attributes,
tasks and powers according to what god
it represents. Each deity has a vehicle,
an animal usually which serves master.
Primary Hindu gods are Brahma, Vishnu
and Shiva.
Brahma is the creator of
the universe. Attributes are the rosary,
the receptacle of holy water, the ladle
and the book. Mount is a goose or swan.
Brahma usually represented with four heads,
allows him to watch over world. Very few
statues of Brahma since creation is done.
